ʻO ka mea i hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka hana ʻana, ʻo ia ka paʻakikī o ka paʻi paʻi, e like me Brinell hardness, Rockwell hardness, Vickers hardness and micro hardness.ʻO ka waiwai paʻakikī i loaʻa ʻo ia ke kūʻē ʻana o ka ʻili metala i ka deformation plastic i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke komo ʻana o nā mea ʻē.
ʻO kēia ka ʻōlelo hoʻolauna pōkole i nā ʻāpana ʻokoʻa o ka paʻakikī.
1. ʻO Brinell paakiki (HB)
E kaomi i ka pōpō kila paʻakikī o kekahi nui (maʻamau 10mm ke anawaena) i loko o ka ʻili o ka mea me kahi ukana (maʻamau 3000kg) a mālama iā ia no kekahi manawa.Ma hope o ka wehe ʻia ʻana o ka ukana, ʻo ka lakio o ka ukana i ka ʻāpana indentation ʻo ia ka waiwai paʻakikī o Brinell (HB), ma ka ikaika kilokilo/mm2 (N/mm2).
2. ʻO ka paʻakikī o Rockwell (HR)
Ke liʻiliʻi loa ka HB>450 a i ʻole ka hāpana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻāʻo ʻana o ka paʻakikī Brinell a pono e hoʻohana ʻia ke ana paʻakikī ʻo Rockwell.Hoʻohana ʻo ia i ka cone daimana me kahi kihi vertex o 120 ° a i ʻole he pōpō kila me ke anawaena o 1.59mm a me 3.18mm e kaomi i ka ʻili o ka mea e hoʻāʻo ʻia ma lalo o kekahi ukana, a loaʻa ka paʻakikī o ka mea mai. ka hohonu o ka indentation.Ma muli o ka paʻakikī o ka mea hoʻāʻo, hiki ke hōʻike ʻia i ʻekolu mau unahi like ʻole:
HRA: ʻO ia ka paʻakikī i loaʻa ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ukana 60kg a me kahi indenter cone daimana, a hoʻohana ʻia no nā mea me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe loa (e like me ka carbide cemented, etc.).
HRB: ʻO ia ka paʻakikī i loaʻa ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ukana 100kg a me ka pōlele kila paʻakikī me ke anawaena o 1.58mm.Hoʻohana ʻia ia no nā mea me ka paʻakikī haʻahaʻa (e like me ke kila annealed, hao hao, etc.).
HRC: ʻO ia ka paʻakikī i loaʻa ma ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ukana 150kg a me ka indenter cone daimana, a hoʻohana ʻia no nā mea me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe (e like me ke kila paʻakikī, etc.).
3 Vickers paakiki (HV)
E hoʻohana i ka indenter cone diamond square me ka haʻawe o lalo o 120kg a me kahi kihi vertex o 136° e kaomi i loko o ka ʻili waiwai, a puʻunaue i ka ʻili o ka lua indentation mea me ka waiwai ukana, ʻo ia ka Vickers hardness HV waiwai ( kgf/mm2).
Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā hoʻāʻo paʻakikī ʻo Brinell a me Rockwell, ʻo ka hoʻāʻo paʻakikī ʻo Vickers he nui nā pono.ʻAʻole i loaʻa nā kaohi o nā kūlana i ʻōlelo ʻia o ka ukana P a me ke anawaena indenter D e like me Brinell, a me ka pilikia o ka deformation o ka indenter;ʻaʻole hoʻi ka pilikia ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka waiwai paʻakikī o Rockwell.A hiki iā ia ke hoʻāʻo i nā mea palupalu a paʻakikī e like me Rockwell, a hiki iā ia ke hoʻāʻo i ka paʻakikī o nā ʻāpana lahilahi loa (a i ʻole nā ʻāpana lahilahi) ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ma mua o Rockwell, hiki ke hana ʻia e ka paʻakikī ʻili o Rockwell.Akā ma lalo o ia mau kūlana, hiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia i loko o ka pālākiō Rockwell, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia me nā pae paʻakikī ʻē aʻe.Eia kekahi, no ka mea, hoʻohana ʻo Rockwell i ka hohonu indentation e like me ke ana ʻana, a ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka hohonu indentation ma mua o ka laulā indentation, no laila ʻoi aku ka nui o kona hewa pili.No laila, ʻaʻole paʻa ka ʻikepili paʻakikī ʻo Rockwell e like me Brinell a me Vickers, a ʻaʻole paʻa e like me ka pololei o Vickers.
Aia kekahi pilina hoʻololi ma waena o Brinell, Rockwell a me Vickers, a aia kahi papa pilina hoʻololi e hiki ke nīnau.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Mar-16-2023
