Ka Nānā ʻana i ke ʻano Metallographic a me nā ʻAno Hoʻāʻo Paʻakikī no ka Hao Ductile

ʻO ke kūlana no ka nānā ʻana i ka hao ductile ke kumu nui no ka hana ʻana i ka hao ductile, ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka huahana, a me ka kaohi ʻana i ka maikaʻi. Hiki ke hana ʻia ka nānā ʻana i ka metallographic a me ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka paʻakikī e like me ke kūlana honua ISO 945-4:2019 Metallographic Inspection of Ductile Iron, a penei ke kaʻina hana:

I.ʻOki a me ka Laʻana:

Hoʻohana ʻia kahi mīkini ʻoki metallographic no ka ʻoki ʻana i ka laʻana. Hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻoluʻu wai ma ke kaʻina hana ʻoki e pale aku i nā loli i ke ʻano metallographic o ka laʻana i hana ʻia e nā ʻano laʻana kūpono ʻole. Ma ke ʻano kikoʻī, hiki ke koho ʻia nā ʻano hoʻohālike like ʻole o nā mīkini ʻoki metallographic no ka ʻoki ʻana a me ka laʻana ma muli o ka nui o ka laʻana a me nā kaʻina hana aunoa e pono ai.

II.Laʻana o ka wili ʻana a me ka poli ʻana:

Ma hope o ka ʻoki ʻana, ua wili ʻia ka hāpana (no nā ʻāpana hana like ʻole, pono nō hoʻi ka mīkini paʻi e hana i ka hāpana) ma luna o kahi mīkini wili a hoʻowali laʻana metallographic me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pepa one o nā nui grit like ʻole mai ka coarse a i ka fine. Hiki ke koho ʻia ʻekolu a ʻehā paha ʻano o nā pepa one no ka wili ʻana e like me nā ʻāpana hana like ʻole, a pono hoʻi e koho ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka wili ʻana o ka mīkini wili a hoʻowali ma muli o ka huahana.

Ma hope o ka wili ʻana i ka pepa one, ua hoʻopili ʻia ka hāpana me ka lole wili me ka hui wili daimana. Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka wikiwiki o ka wili ʻana o ka mīkini wili a me ka wili e like me ka mea hana.

III.Hoʻāʻo Metallographic:

E like me nā koi o GB/T 9441-2021 Metallographic Testing Standard for Ductile Iron, ua koho ʻia kahi microscope metallographic me kahi hoʻonui kūpono e kiʻi i nā kiʻi o ke ʻano metallographic ma mua a ma hope o ka pala.

ʻEhā.Hoʻāʻo paʻakikī o ka hao Ductile:

Hoʻokumu ʻia ka hoʻāʻo paʻakikī o ka hao ductile ma ke kūlana honua ISO 1083:2018. ʻO Brinell Hardness (HBW) ke ʻano hoʻāʻo paʻakikī makemake nui ʻia a paʻa loa.

1. Nā Kūlana Pili

Mānoanoa o ka Laʻana: ≥ 10mm (ke anawaena indentation d ≤ 1/5 o ka mānoanoa o ka laʻana)

Ke ʻAno o ka ʻIli: ʻO ka ʻili ʻo Ra ma hope o ka hana ʻana he ≤ 0.8μm (ʻaʻohe unahi, lua one, a i ʻole nā ​​lua puhi)

2. Nā Lako a me nā Palena